The **Government of India** is the central authority governing the Republic of India, operating under a parliamentary system modeled on the British Westminster structure. It functions as a federal system with unitary features, composed of three branches: the executive, legislative, and judiciary, designed with checks and balances to prevent dominance by any single branch[1][2]. The **executive branch** is nominally led by the President, currently Droupadi Murmu (since 2022), who holds formal executive power. Real governing authority resides with the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, drawn from the ruling party or coalition and accountable to the lower house of Parliament (Lok Sabha). Key ministries include finance, defense, home affairs, and external affairs. The government operates through an integrated bureaucracy at both central and state levels[1][2][3]. The **legislative branch** is bicameral, consisting of the Lok Sabha (543 directly elected members) and the Rajya Sabha (245 members elected by state legislatures or nominated). The Parliament enacts laws, oversees the executive, and is central to India's democratic process[1][2]. Historically, since independence in 1947, the Government of India has overseen rapid economic development, social reforms, and technological advancements. Recently, it has actively pursued policies to boost economic resilience and innovation, as reflected in the Union Budget 2025, which emphasizes agricultural growth, rural prosperity, manufacturing, MSME support, energy security, and technology-driven reforms such as clean energy and digital infrastructure[4]. The government also encourages foreign direct investment, enhancing India’s global business appeal. Politically, the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, continues to dominate, balancing coalition governance and regional demands while facing challenges related to fiscal policy and social reforms[5][7]. Notable aspects include India's emphasis on inclusive growth, regulatory modernization, and sustaining democratic governance amid evolving political dynamics